Classification. Practical points Barton fractures are fractures of the distal radius.It is also sometimes termed the dorsal type Barton fracture to distinguish it from the volar type or reverse Barton fracture.. Barton fractures extend through the dorsal aspect to the articular surface but not to the volar aspect. They have different prognosis and treatment depending on the location of the fracture. calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fracture. In addition to reporting the presence of the fracture a number of features should be sought and in many instances commented upon as relevant negatives: Trimalleolar fractures refer to a three-part fracture of the ankle. They should not be confused with fatigue fractures which are due to abnormal stresses on normal bone, or with pathological fractures, the result of diseased, weakened bone due to focal pathology such as A Hill-Sachs defect is the terminology of preference over other terms, such as Hill-Sachs lesions, and Hill-Sachs fractures 14.. Repeat dislocations lead to larger defects, which can result in an "engaging" Hill-Sachs defect, which engages the anterior glenoid when the shoulder is abducted and externally rotated 4 (see article: on-track and off-track shoulder Falls, motor vehicle collisions, pedestrian accidents, cycling and diving are common causes of injury 6,7. This typically involves separation of the tibial attachment of the ACL to variable degrees. Management depends not only on the type of fracture but also importantly on the functional status and living situation of the patient. Classification. On plain film, dorsal avulsion injuries are best detected on a lateral projection, where typically an avulsed flake of bone is identified lying posteriorly to the triquetral bone (see pooping duck sign). The ligament is composed of two layers. Having three parts, this is a more unstable fracture and may be associated with ligamentous injury. Anderson and D'Alonzo Lisfranc injuries, also called Lisfranc fracture-dislocations, are the most common type of dislocation involving the foot and correspond to the dislocation of the articulation of the tarsus with the metatarsal bases. When a fracture is identified, a careful search for adjacent soft tissue injury should be undertaken. transverse fracture 1.5-2 cm from tip of proximal tuberosity. Rarely, a torus fracture may refer to the fracture of an oral torus, and there is potential for the two terms to be confused 10. Treatment and prognosis type 1: avulsion of the tip of the coronoid process Coronoid process fractures have been classified into three types within the Regan and Morrey classification system 1:. Classically, these fractures are extra-articular transverse fractures and can be thought of as a reverse Colles fracture.. Gaillard F, Lustosa L, Murphy A, et al. As a historical note, there are four methods of judicial hanging, and the process is more complicated than may be evident at first glance. This typically involves separation of the tibial attachment of the ACL to variable degrees. This page is for adult patients. Sternal fractures occur in ~5% of blunt chest trauma with the manubrium being the most commonly injured part. Epidemiology. Insufficiency fractures are a type of stress fracture, which are the result of normal stresses on abnormal bone. Practical points. It comprises of: a vertical fracture through the epiphysis; a horizontal fracture through the physis; an oblique fracture through the metaphysis transverse fracture 1.5-2 cm from tip of proximal tuberosity. Falls, motor vehicle collisions, pedestrian accidents, cycling and diving are common causes of injury 6,7. There are two classification systems 5,6. fracture may arise as proximally as the level of fibular neck and not visualized on ankle films, requiring knee or full-length tibia-fibula radiographs (Maisonneuve fracture) unstable: usually requires ORIF; Weber C fractures can be further subclassified as 6. Odontoid process fracture, also known as a peg or dens fracture, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of C2. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource These fractures are avulsion fractions of the ossification center of the lateral condyle, and as such are sometimes referred to as a lateral epicondyle avulsion fracture; either term is acceptable. Insufficiency fractures are a type of stress fracture, which are the result of normal stresses on abnormal bone. The complex of the medial collateral ligaments of the ankle joint is collectively called deltoid ligament.It attaches the medial malleolus to multiple tarsal bones. Salter-Harris type I fractures describe a fracture that is completely contained within the physis. Practical points. Jefferson fracture is the eponymous name given to a burst fracture of the atlas. In addition to reporting the presence of the fracture a number of features should be sought and in many instances commented upon as relevant negatives: type 1: avulsion of the tip of the coronoid process For example, someone who lives alone may not be able to do so without the use of one arm. Mallet finger refers to injuries of the extensor mechanism of the finger at the level of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP).They are the most prevalent finger tendon injury in sport. The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression 5. Common symptoms include tenderness and swelling at the site of injury and the top of your foot. The fracture complex results from a direct blow to the malar eminence and results in three distinct fracture components that disrupt the anchoring of the zygoma. They should not be confused with fatigue fractures which are due to abnormal stresses on normal bone, or with pathological fractures, the result of diseased, weakened bone due to focal pathology such as Coronoid process fractures have been classified into three types within the Regan and Morrey classification system 1:. extra-articular lover fracture (or Casanova fracture) Spinal fractures are usually the result of significant trauma to a normally formed skeleton or the result of trauma to a weakened spinal column. These type of fractures are more common in children, especially aged 5-10 years, due to the elasticity of their bones. It is also known as backfire fracture or lorry driver fracture 1. base of 5 th metatarsal fracture. The term "hangman fracture" was introduced by Schneider in 1965 5. These type of fractures are more common in children, especially aged 5-10 years, due to the elasticity of their bones. Jones fracture. Dorsal avulsion fracture. There is no associated bone fragment. Classification. The Salter-Harris classification was proposed by Salter and Harris in 1963 1 and at the time of writing (June 2016) remains the most widely used system for describing physeal fractures.. They are distinct from a lateral condyle fracture which is a very different fracture despite the similar name. The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression 5. Conveniently the Salter-Harris types can be remembered by the mnemonic SALTR.. type I. slipped; 5-7%; fracture plane passes all the way through the growth CT or MR may be more sensitive than conventional radiographs for detection of avulsion injuries. more: Jones fracture. It is also known as backfire fracture or lorry driver fracture 1. base of 5 th metatarsal fracture. Gaillard F, Lustosa L, Murphy A, et al. There is no associated bone fragment. As the physiological closure of the physeal plate begins medially, the lateral (open) physis is prone to this type of fracture. Barton fractures are fractures of the distal radius.It is also sometimes termed the dorsal type Barton fracture to distinguish it from the volar type or reverse Barton fracture.. Barton fractures extend through the dorsal aspect to the articular surface but not to the volar aspect. A Hill-Sachs defect is the terminology of preference over other terms, such as Hill-Sachs lesions, and Hill-Sachs fractures 14.. Repeat dislocations lead to larger defects, which can result in an "engaging" Hill-Sachs defect, which engages the anterior glenoid when the shoulder is abducted and externally rotated 4 (see article: on-track and off-track shoulder CT or MR may be more sensitive than conventional radiographs for detection of avulsion injuries. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures are a type of avulsion fracture of the knee that represent the most common isolated PCL lesion. Classically, these fractures are extra-articular transverse fractures and can be thought of as a reverse Colles fracture.. Differential diagnosis Examples of soft tissue injuries include: vascular These fractures are avulsion fractions of the ossification center of the lateral condyle, and as such are sometimes referred to as a lateral epicondyle avulsion fracture; either term is acceptable. Lateral malleolar fracture with deltoid injury OR bimalleolar OR trimalleolar fracture Bimalleolar fracture and right ankle dislocation on X-ray (anteroposterior). The term is sometimes used to describe intra-articular fractures with Pathology. extra-articular lover fracture (or Casanova fracture) Sternal fractures occur in ~5% of blunt chest trauma with the manubrium being the most commonly injured part. Classification. type I: avulsion of anterior glenoid margin; type II: transverse or oblique fracture through glenoid fossa exiting inferiorly; type III: oblique fracture through glenoid fossa exiting superiorly and associated with acromioclavicular joint injury; type IV: transverse fracture exiting through the medial scapular border In reality, the majority of fractures that involve the physis have at least a small fragment of metaphysis associated with them and are therefore type II injuries. As a historical note, there are four methods of judicial hanging, and the process is more complicated than may be evident at first glance. They are distinct from a lateral condyle fracture which is a very different fracture despite the similar name. intra-articular glenoid fracture. Gross anatomy. A Hill-Sachs defect is the terminology of preference over other terms, such as Hill-Sachs lesions, and Hill-Sachs fractures 14.. Repeat dislocations lead to larger defects, which can result in an "engaging" Hill-Sachs defect, which engages the anterior glenoid when the shoulder is abducted and externally rotated 4 (see article: on-track and off-track shoulder Vertical fracture through the distal tibial epiphysis (Salter-Harris III) with a horizontal extension through the lateral aspect of the physis. Conveniently the Salter-Harris types can be remembered by the mnemonic SALTR.. type I. slipped; 5-7%; fracture plane passes all the way through the growth Classification. Dorsal avulsion fracture. Smith fractures, also known as Goyrand fractures in the French literature 3, are fractures of the distal radius with associated volar angulation of the distal fracture fragment(s). fracture through the physis In reality, the majority of fractures that involve the physis have at least a small fragment of metaphysis associated with them and are therefore type II injuries. Cervical spine fractures can occur secondary to exaggerated flexion or extension, or because of direct trauma or axial loading.. The ligament is composed of two layers. CT or MR may be more sensitive than conventional radiographs for detection of avulsion injuries. Sternal fractures occur in ~5% of blunt chest trauma with the manubrium being the most commonly injured part. extra-articular lover fracture (or Casanova fracture) Pathology Nasal bone fractures, when isolated, are most commonly displaced fractures of one of the paired nasal bones. Examples include: Jefferson fracture: ring fracture of C1; hangman fracture: bilateral pedicle or pars fracture of C2; dens fracture; flexion teardrop fracture: unstable flexion fracture; extension teardrop fracture: stable injury They have different prognosis and treatment depending on the location of the fracture. Examples include: Jefferson fracture: ring fracture of C1; hangman fracture: bilateral pedicle or pars fracture of C2; dens fracture; flexion teardrop fracture: unstable flexion fracture; extension teardrop fracture: stable injury It is interesting to note that the word chauffeur comes from the French for "someone who warms" the car engine. This typically involves separation of the tibial attachment of the ACL to variable degrees. Lateral malleolar fracture with deltoid injury OR bimalleolar OR trimalleolar fracture Bimalleolar fracture and right ankle dislocation on X-ray (anteroposterior). Terminology. They are distinct from a lateral condyle fracture which is a very different fracture despite the similar name. Fractures in these regions can be classified as: intertrochanteric fracture; pertrochanteric: intertrochanteric, involving both trochanters; subtrochanteric fracture; greater trochanteric avulsion fracture Classification. Spinal fractures are usually the result of significant trauma to a normally formed skeleton or the result of trauma to a weakened spinal column. Epidemiology They may represent an isolated tendinous injury or occur in combination with an avulsion fracture of the dorsal base of the distal phalanx. transverse fracture through diaphysis. Epidemiology. The lack of a metaphyseal fracture component in the coronal plane (evaluated with lateral x-ray or CT) distinguishes a Tillaux fracture from a triplanar fracture. It was originally described as a four-part fracture with double fractures through the anterior and posterior arches, but three-part and two-part fractures have also been described. Gaillard F, Lustosa L, Murphy A, et al. fracture may arise as proximally as the level of fibular neck and not visualized on ankle films, requiring knee or full-length tibia-fibula radiographs (Maisonneuve fracture) unstable: usually requires ORIF; Weber C fractures can be further subclassified as 6. Epidemiology Fractures of the sternum are seen in between 3-6.8% of all motor vehicle collisions 1. forced inversion of plantarflexed foot. Most authors regard it as a type 4 Salter-Harris fracture. These fractures are avulsion fractions of the ossification center of the lateral condyle, and as such are sometimes referred to as a lateral epicondyle avulsion fracture; either term is acceptable. Classification. Management depends not only on the type of fracture but also importantly on the functional status and living situation of the patient. Smith fractures, also known as Goyrand fractures in the French literature 3, are fractures of the distal radius with associated volar angulation of the distal fracture fragment(s). Pathology. Jefferson fracture is the eponymous name given to a burst fracture of the atlas. Classification. In addition to reporting the presence of the fracture a number of features should be sought and in many instances commented upon as relevant negatives: The lack of a metaphyseal fracture component in the coronal plane (evaluated with lateral x-ray or CT) distinguishes a Tillaux fracture from a triplanar fracture. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion fracture or tibial eminence avulsion fracture is a type of avulsion fracture of the knee. Lisfranc injury. Fractures in these regions can be classified as: intertrochanteric fracture; pertrochanteric: intertrochanteric, involving both trochanters; subtrochanteric fracture; greater trochanteric avulsion fracture Common symptoms include tenderness and swelling at the site of injury and the top of your foot. Epidemiology. Intimate partner violence should be considered in patients where the clinical details do not match the fracture, or the injury occurs in an intimate setting 7. Fracture of the coronoid process is thought to result from elbow hyperextension with either avulsion of the brachialis tendon insertion or shearing off by the trochlea 1.. Common symptoms include tenderness and swelling at the site of injury and the top of your foot. Strictly speaking, the fracture is misnamed and should more correctly be called "hangee" fracture. Classification. Pathology Mechanism. more: Jones fracture. Calcaneal fracture. Insufficiency fractures are a type of stress fracture, which are the result of normal stresses on abnormal bone. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource Epidemiology In reality, the majority of fractures that involve the physis have at least a small fragment of metaphysis associated with them and are therefore type II injuries. It is interesting to note that the word chauffeur comes from the French for "someone who warms" the car engine. base of 5 th metatarsal fracture. They may represent an isolated tendinous injury or occur in combination with an avulsion fracture of the dorsal base of the distal phalanx. transverse fracture through diaphysis. A trochanteric fracture is a fracture involving the greater and/or lesser trochanters of the femur.. A trochanteric fracture is a fracture involving the greater and/or lesser trochanters of the femur.. The ligament is composed of two layers. There are two classification systems 5,6. Jones fracture. transverse fracture 1.5-2 cm from tip of proximal tuberosity. The complex of the medial collateral ligaments of the ankle joint is collectively called deltoid ligament.It attaches the medial malleolus to multiple tarsal bones. Phalanx fractures are common injuries, although less common than metacarpal fractures. Pathology Nasal bone fractures, when isolated, are most commonly displaced fractures of one of the paired nasal bones. The term is sometimes used to describe intra-articular fractures with The superficial layer has variable attachments and crosses two joints while the deep layer has talar attachments and crosses one joint: Looser zones are also a type of insufficiency fracture. Epidemiology. On plain film, dorsal avulsion injuries are best detected on a lateral projection, where typically an avulsed flake of bone is identified lying posteriorly to the triquetral bone (see pooping duck sign). Looser zones are also a type of insufficiency fracture. These type of fractures are more common in children, especially aged 5-10 years, due to the elasticity of their bones. Calcaneal fracture. forced inversion of plantarflexed foot. Anderson and D'Alonzo Cervical spine fractures can occur secondary to exaggerated flexion or extension, or because of direct trauma or axial loading.. Gross anatomy. Plain radiograph. For example, someone who lives alone may not be able to do so without the use of one arm. Gross anatomy. Pathology Nasal bone fractures, when isolated, are most commonly displaced fractures of one of the paired nasal bones. Spinal fractures are usually the result of significant trauma to a normally formed skeleton or the result of trauma to a weakened spinal column. Symptoms of a Lisfranc fracture depend on the severity of the injury. They may represent an isolated tendinous injury or occur in combination with an avulsion fracture of the dorsal base of the distal phalanx. They should not be confused with fatigue fractures which are due to abnormal stresses on normal bone, or with pathological fractures, the result of diseased, weakened bone due to focal pathology such as Intimate partner violence should be considered in patients where the clinical details do not match the fracture, or the injury occurs in an intimate setting 7. Epidemiology Fractures of the sternum are seen in between 3-6.8% of all motor vehicle collisions 1. Differential diagnosis Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource It is interesting to note that the word chauffeur comes from the French for "someone who warms" the car engine. Vertical fracture through the distal tibial epiphysis (Salter-Harris III) with a horizontal extension through the lateral aspect of the physis. Plain radiograph. Males are affected more commonly than females with a median age of injury of 56 years. Salter-Harris type I fractures describe a fracture that is completely contained within the physis. Epidemiology Fractures of the sternum are seen in between 3-6.8% of all motor vehicle collisions 1. Smith fractures, also known as Goyrand fractures in the French literature 3, are fractures of the distal radius with associated volar angulation of the distal fracture fragment(s). Males are affected more commonly than females with a median age of injury of 56 years. For pediatric patients, see: ankle fracture (peds), Isolated medial or posterior malleolar fracture, Lateral malleolar fracture with deltoid injury OR bimalleolar OR trimalleolar fracture, Tips for Managing Weber B Ankle Fractures By Joseph Noack, MD; and Spencer Tomberg, MD. Epidemiology Most authors regard it as a type 4 Salter-Harris fracture. Classically, these fractures are extra-articular transverse fractures and can be thought of as a reverse Colles fracture.. type I: avulsion of anterior glenoid margin; type II: transverse or oblique fracture through glenoid fossa exiting inferiorly; type III: oblique fracture through glenoid fossa exiting superiorly and associated with acromioclavicular joint injury; type IV: transverse fracture exiting through the medial scapular border fracture through the physis The fractures involve the medial malleolus, the posterior aspect of the tibial plafond (referred to as the posterior malleolus) and the lateral malleolus. Looser zones are also a type of insufficiency fracture. There is no associated bone fragment. Mallet finger refers to injuries of the extensor mechanism of the finger at the level of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP).They are the most prevalent finger tendon injury in sport. Odontoid process fracture, also known as a peg or dens fracture, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of C2. calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fracture. Conveniently the Salter-Harris types can be remembered by the mnemonic SALTR.. type I. slipped; 5-7%; fracture plane passes all the way through the growth Classification. Pathology. Most authors regard it as a type 4 Salter-Harris fracture. They have different prognosis and treatment depending on the location of the fracture. type I: avulsion of anterior glenoid margin; type II: transverse or oblique fracture through glenoid fossa exiting inferiorly; type III: oblique fracture through glenoid fossa exiting superiorly and associated with acromioclavicular joint injury; type IV: transverse fracture exiting through the medial scapular border Vertical fracture through the distal tibial epiphysis (Salter-Harris III) with a horizontal extension through the lateral aspect of the physis. Coronoid process fractures have been classified into three types within the Regan and Morrey classification system 1:. The term "hangman fracture" was introduced by Schneider in 1965 5. It was originally described as a four-part fracture with double fractures through the anterior and posterior arches, but three-part and two-part fractures have also been described. Mallet finger refers to injuries of the extensor mechanism of the finger at the level of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP).They are the most prevalent finger tendon injury in sport. For example, someone who lives alone may not be able to do so without the use of one arm. Phalanx fractures are common injuries, although less common than metacarpal fractures. Both the end of the fibula (1) and the tibia (2) are broken and the malleolar fragments (arrow: medial malleolus, arrowhead: lateral malleolus) are displaced. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion fracture or tibial eminence avulsion fracture is a type of avulsion fracture of the knee. As the physiological closure of the physeal plate begins medially, the lateral (open) physis is prone to this type of fracture. The term "hangman fracture" was introduced by Schneider in 1965 5. Check out the new My Emergency Department app - a single source of truth for all your ED team's guidelines, policies and education content. intra-articular glenoid fracture. Almost invariably, if the fracture involves a paranasal sinus, middle ear or mastoid air cells, then they will contain some blood, which is a helpful clue to the presence of an underlying fracture. Strictly speaking, the fracture is misnamed and should more correctly be called "hangee" fracture. The fracture complex results from a direct blow to the malar eminence and results in three distinct fracture components that disrupt the anchoring of the zygoma. A trochanteric fracture is a fracture involving the greater and/or lesser trochanters of the femur.. high risk of nonunion. fracture may arise as proximally as the level of fibular neck and not visualized on ankle films, requiring knee or full-length tibia-fibula radiographs (Maisonneuve fracture) unstable: usually requires ORIF; Weber C fractures can be further subclassified as 6. scapular fracture; clavicle fracture; distal radial fracture (especially Colles fracture) Treatment and prognosis. The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression 5. Examples of soft tissue injuries include: vascular Practical points. Jones fracture. It comprises of: a vertical fracture through the epiphysis; a horizontal fracture through the physis; an oblique fracture through the metaphysis Dorsal avulsion fracture. Barton fractures are fractures of the distal radius.It is also sometimes termed the dorsal type Barton fracture to distinguish it from the volar type or reverse Barton fracture.. Barton fractures extend through the dorsal aspect to the articular surface but not to the volar aspect. Salter-Harris type I fractures describe a fracture that is completely contained within the physis. Fractures in these regions can be classified as: intertrochanteric fracture; pertrochanteric: intertrochanteric, involving both trochanters; subtrochanteric fracture; greater trochanteric avulsion fracture Pathology Mechanism. Terminology. intra-articular glenoid fracture. The superficial layer has variable attachments and crosses two joints while the deep layer has talar attachments and crosses one joint: On plain film, dorsal avulsion injuries are best detected on a lateral projection, where typically an avulsed flake of bone is identified lying posteriorly to the triquetral bone (see pooping duck sign). Lisfranc injuries, also called Lisfranc fracture-dislocations, are the most common type of dislocation involving the foot and correspond to the dislocation of the articulation of the tarsus with the metatarsal bases. It is also known as backfire fracture or lorry driver fracture 1. Practical points Rarely, a torus fracture may refer to the fracture of an oral torus, and there is potential for the two terms to be confused 10. Treatment and prognosis Associations Cervical spine fractures can occur secondary to exaggerated flexion or extension, or because of direct trauma or axial loading.. Examples include: Jefferson fracture: ring fracture of C1; hangman fracture: bilateral pedicle or pars fracture of C2; dens fracture; flexion teardrop fracture: unstable flexion fracture; extension teardrop fracture: stable injury As a historical note, there are four methods of judicial hanging, and the process is more complicated than may be evident at first glance. Treatment and prognosis The Salter-Harris classification was proposed by Salter and Harris in 1963 1 and at the time of writing (June 2016) remains the most widely used system for describing physeal fractures.. Lisfranc injuries, also called Lisfranc fracture-dislocations, are the most common type of dislocation involving the foot and correspond to the dislocation of the articulation of the tarsus with the metatarsal bases. Trimalleolar fractures refer to a three-part fracture of the ankle. Epidemiology. The lack of a metaphyseal fracture component in the coronal plane (evaluated with lateral x-ray or CT) distinguishes a Tillaux fracture from a triplanar fracture. calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fracture. Almost invariably, if the fracture involves a paranasal sinus, middle ear or mastoid air cells, then they will contain some blood, which is a helpful clue to the presence of an underlying fracture. Jefferson fracture is the eponymous name given to a burst fracture of the atlas. Falls, motor vehicle collisions, pedestrian accidents, cycling and diving are common causes of injury 6,7. Examples of soft tissue injuries include: vascular Differential diagnosis Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion fracture or tibial eminence avulsion fracture is a type of avulsion fracture of the knee. Fracture of the coronoid process is thought to result from elbow hyperextension with either avulsion of the brachialis tendon insertion or shearing off by the trochlea 1.. Calcaneal fracture. The Salter-Harris classification was proposed by Salter and Harris in 1963 1 and at the time of writing (June 2016) remains the most widely used system for describing physeal fractures.. type 1: avulsion of the tip of the coronoid process Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource Males are affected more commonly than females with a median age of injury of 56 years. Anderson and D'Alonzo Classification. transverse fracture through diaphysis. It was originally described as a four-part fracture with double fractures through the anterior and posterior arches, but three-part and two-part fractures have also been described. When a fracture is identified, a careful search for adjacent soft tissue injury should be undertaken. When a fracture is identified, a careful search for adjacent soft tissue injury should be undertaken. Odontoid process fracture, also known as a peg or dens fracture, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of C2. Phalanx fractures are common injuries, although less common than metacarpal fractures. Classification. Fracture of the coronoid process is thought to result from elbow hyperextension with either avulsion of the brachialis tendon insertion or shearing off by the trochlea 1.. Strictly speaking, the fracture is misnamed and should more correctly be called "hangee" fracture. Terminology. There are two classification systems 5,6. Plain radiograph. Both the end of the fibula (1) and the tibia (2) are broken and the malleolar fragments (arrow: medial malleolus, arrowhead: lateral malleolus) are displaced. Classification. Symptoms of a Lisfranc fracture depend on the severity of the injury. forced inversion of plantarflexed foot. As the physiological closure of the physeal plate begins medially, the lateral (open) physis is prone to this type of fracture. scapular fracture; clavicle fracture; distal radial fracture (especially Colles fracture) Treatment and prognosis. Having three parts, this is a more unstable fracture and may be associated with ligamentous injury. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource Having three parts, this is a more unstable fracture and may be associated with ligamentous injury. Pathology Mechanism. Symptoms of a Lisfranc fracture depend on the severity of the injury. Associations Almost invariably, if the fracture involves a paranasal sinus, middle ear or mastoid air cells, then they will contain some blood, which is a helpful clue to the presence of an underlying fracture. Lisfranc injury. Associations The complex of the medial collateral ligaments of the ankle joint is collectively called deltoid ligament.It attaches the medial malleolus to multiple tarsal bones. The fractures involve the medial malleolus, the posterior aspect of the tibial plafond (referred to as the posterior malleolus) and the lateral malleolus. Epidemiology. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures are a type of avulsion fracture of the knee that represent the most common isolated PCL lesion. more: Jones fracture. Trimalleolar fractures refer to a three-part fracture of the ankle. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource ACEP Now April 14, 2020, This page was last edited 19:56, 12 January 2021 by, http://radiopaedia.org/articles/weber_ankle_fracture_classification, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=12595378, https://www.acepnow.com/article/tips-for-managing-weber-b-ankle-fractures/?singlepage=1, https://www.wikem.org/w/index.php?title=Ankle_fracture&oldid=292390, Examine for ecchymoses, abrasions, or swelling, 4 sensation distributions: saphenous nerve (medial mal), superficial fib (lat mal), sural nerve (lateral 5th digit), deep fib (1st web space), Note skin integrity and areas of tenderness or crepitus over ankle, Range joint passively and actively to evaluate for stability, Perform anterior drawer test (positive exam suggests torn ATFL), Perform a crossed-leg test to detect syndesmotic injury, Palpate midfoot and base of 5th metatarsal for tenderness, AP: Best for isolated lateral and medial malleolar fractures, Best for evaluating for unstable fracture or soft tissue injury, At a point 1 cm proximal to tibial plafond space between tib/fib should be 6mm, Lateral: Best for posterior malleolar fractures, Consider proximal tib/fib films and talus fractures, System based on level of the fibular fracture and characterizes stability of fracture, Tibial plafond and the two malleoli is referred to as the ankle "mortise" (or talar mortise), Fibula fracture below ankle joint/distal to plafond, Usually stable: occasionally requires ORIF, Fibula fracture at the level of the ankle joint/at the plafond, Can extend superiorly and laterally up fibula, Tibiofibular syndesmosis intact or only partially torn, No widening of the distal tibiofibular articulation, Use gravity or weight bearing stress X-rays to determine stability, Fibula fracture above the level of the ankle joint/proximal to plafond, Tibiofibular syndesmosis disrupted with widening of the distal tibiofibular articulation, Neurovascular compromise from fracture requires emergent reduction and/or orthopedic intervention, Stable, nondisplaced, isolated malleolar fracture: Splint or cast, early wt bearing, RICE, Unstable or displaced fracture: Requires ORIF, ortho consult, reduce and splint, If stable (see Weber classification) treat like severe, Signs of medial (deltoid) ligament disruption such as medial swelling, ecchymosis, or TTP, Widening of medial clear space (suggests deltoid ligament injury), Immediate reduction or ortho consult in ED. Lateral malleolar fracture with deltoid injury OR bimalleolar OR trimalleolar fracture Bimalleolar fracture and right ankle dislocation on X-ray (anteroposterior). Lisfranc injury. The term is sometimes used to describe intra-articular fractures with Rarely, a torus fracture may refer to the fracture of an oral torus, and there is potential for the two terms to be confused 10. The fractures involve the medial malleolus, the posterior aspect of the tibial plafond (referred to as the posterior malleolus) and the lateral malleolus. scapular fracture; clavicle fracture; distal radial fracture (especially Colles fracture) Treatment and prognosis. fracture through the physis The fracture complex results from a direct blow to the malar eminence and results in three distinct fracture components that disrupt the anchoring of the zygoma. It comprises of: a vertical fracture through the epiphysis; a horizontal fracture through the physis; an oblique fracture through the metaphysis Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures are a type of avulsion fracture of the knee that represent the most common isolated PCL lesion. high risk of nonunion. Management depends not only on the type of fracture but also importantly on the functional status and living situation of the patient. The superficial layer has variable attachments and crosses two joints while the deep layer has talar attachments and crosses one joint: Intimate partner violence should be considered in patients where the clinical details do not match the fracture, or the injury occurs in an intimate setting 7. Classification. high risk of nonunion. Classification. Both the end of the fibula (1) and the tibia (2) are broken and the malleolar fragments (arrow: medial malleolus, arrowhead: lateral malleolus) are displaced. 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